STAPHYLOCOCCUS Meaning and
Definition
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Staphylococcus is a genus of bacteria consisting of gram-positive, non-spore-forming cocci that are commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. The name Staphylococcus is derived from the Greek words "staphyle" meaning "bunch of grapes" and "kokkos" meaning "berry," aptly describing the characteristic clustering pattern of these bacteria when viewed under a microscope.
Staphylococcus bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can survive and grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen. They are responsible for causing a wide range of infections in humans, ranging from simple skin infections such as boils and abscesses to more severe conditions like pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, and toxic shock syndrome. Staphylococcus aureus is the most clinically significant species within this genus, known for its ability to produce various virulence factors, including toxins and enzymes, making it highly pathogenic.
The transmission of staphylococci can occur through direct contact with infected individuals or carriers, sharing contaminated objects, or contact with surfaces harboring these bacteria. Staphylococcus infections can be challenging to treat due to their ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which poses a significant public health concern.
Laboratory identification of staphylococci is traditionally based on their colony characteristics, Gram staining, and other biochemical tests. However, molecular methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or other DNA-based techniques, have been increasingly utilized for more precise identification and characterization of Staphylococcus species.
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A genus or group of cocci in which the individuals are arranged in irregular masses resembling somewhat bunches of grapes.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
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Etymology of STAPHYLOCOCCUS
The word staphylococcus is derived from two Greek words: staphyle meaning a bunch of grapes and kokkos meaning berry or granule. The term was coined by the Scottish surgeon Sir Alexander Ogston in 1881. He compared the arrangement of bacteria under the microscope to a bunch of grapes or clusters, which led to the name staphylococcus.
Similar spelling words for STAPHYLOCOCCUS
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