Squamous Odontogenic Tumor (SOT) is a rare benign neoplasm that originates from the odontogenic epithelium, which is the tissue that gives rise to teeth. This tumor typically occurs in the jawbones, most commonly in the posterior part of the mandible (lower jaw), but it can also affect the maxilla (upper jaw). SOTs usually present as slow-growing, painless swellings in the affected jaw.
Histologically, SOTs exhibit several distinct microscopic features. They consist of islands or sheets of squamous epithelial cells, which have a resemblance to the cells found in the outermost layer of the skin (epithelium). The tumor cells often form irregular nests or cords, separated by a fibrous connective tissue stroma. Calcifications and keratinized material can also be observed within the tumor.
Diagnosis of Squamous Odontogenic Tumor is confirmed by histopathological examination of a biopsy sample obtained from the affected area. Radiographic imaging techniques such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may also aid in assessing the extent and characteristics of the tumor.
Squamous Odontogenic Tumors are generally managed by surgical excision, with the goal of complete removal while preserving normal dental and functional structures. Recurrence of SOTs is relatively rare, but long-term follow-up is recommended to ensure no regrowth or malignant transformation occurs.
Overall, Squamous Odontogenic Tumor is a benign jaw tumor that originates from the odontogenic epithelium and is typically managed by surgical excision.
