Spinal curvatures, also known as spinal deformities, refer to abnormal or exaggerated curves in the spine. The spine typically has four natural curvatures that help to distribute body weight evenly and maintain balance and flexibility. These curves are the cervical curve in the neck region, the thoracic curve in the upper back, the lumbar curve in the lower back, and the sacral curve at the base of the spine.
However, spinal curvatures can occur when these natural curves become excessively pronounced, flattened, or deformed. There are three main types of spinal curvatures: kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis.
Kyphosis is an abnormal forward curvature of the upper back, leading to a hunched or rounded appearance. It often affects older adults due to osteoporosis or degenerative disc disease.
Lordosis is an excessive inward curvature of the lower back, causing it to arch excessively. It can be seen in conditions such as obesity, spondylolisthesis, or discitis.
Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine. It can develop in children during growth spurts or as a result of conditions such as muscular dystrophy or congenital spinal abnormalities.
Spinal curvatures can cause various symptoms depending on their severity, including pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and even respiratory or digestive issues in severe cases. Treatment may involve physical therapy, bracing, medication, or in severe cases, surgical intervention to correct the curvature.
Overall, spinal curvatures refer to abnormal or exaggerated curvatures of the spine, which can lead to structural and functional impairments if left untreated.
