"Sphyrapicus varius ruber" is a scientific name in taxonomy that refers to a specific subspecies of woodpecker known as the red-breasted sapsucker. The term "Sphyrapicus" is derived from the Greek words "sphyras," meaning "hammer," and "pikos," meaning "woodpecker," which accurately describes the species' characteristic behavior of drumming on tree trunks. "Varius" is derived from the Latin word meaning "diverse" or "varied," referring to the species' ability to adapt to different environments and habitats. "Ruber," also of Latin origin, pertains to the vibrant red color of the bird's distinctive breast.
The red-breasted sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius ruber, is a medium-sized woodpecker typically measuring around 20 centimeters in length. It displays various shades of black, white, and red in its plumage, with the most distinguishing feature being the deep red throat and upper breast, which sets it apart from other woodpecker species. It also exhibits a black bill, a white belly, black-and-white barred wings, and a black mask extending from its nape to the lower face.
Primarily found in western North America, from the coastal regions of Alaska down to California, the red-breasted sapsucker is known for its unique feeding behavior. It excavates small holes, known as sap wells, in tree trunks and branches to access the sap underneath. These wells serve as a source of both sap and insects, attracting other bird species and providing a consistent food supply. The bird's drumming behavior also functions as a territorial display and mating call. As the subspecies name suggests, Sphyrapicus varius
