Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma), also known as Gulf flounder, is a species of flatfish native to the coastal waters of the southern United States, particularly the Gulf of Mexico. It is a type of marine fish belonging to the family Paralichthyidae.
Southern flounder is a bottom-dwelling fish with a distinctive flat body and both eyes located on its right side. It possesses a rounded head, a large mouth with sharp teeth, and a small, pointed tail. The coloration of this species is highly variable, ranging from light brown to almost black, often accompanied by darker blotches and irregular spots, allowing it to camouflage effectively with its surroundings.
These flounders inhabit estuaries, bays, and shallow coastal waters, preferring areas with sandy or muddy bottoms where they can bury themselves partially to ambush their prey. They are opportunistic predators, feeding on a diverse diet that includes small fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.
Southern flounder is commercially and recreationally valuable, sought after for its delicate flavor and versatility in cooking. It is often targeted by anglers using fishing techniques such as bottom trawling, casting, or gillnets. However, overfishing and habitat degradation have raised concerns regarding its sustainability, leading to efforts to regulate its catch and protect its habitat.
In conclusion, the southern flounder is a flatfish species found in the southern coastal waters of the United States, characterized by its flat body, right-sided eyes, and variable coloration. It is a carnivorous bottom-dweller that preys on small fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. Due to its popularity as a food source, conservation measures are important to ensure the long-term survival of this commercially and
