The sooty tern is a seabird found throughout the world's tropical oceans. Its name is derived from its dark, soot-colored plumage. The word "sooty" is pronounced /ˈsuː.ti/ in IPA phonetic transcription, with two syllables and stress on the first. The word "tern" is pronounced /tɜːn/, with one syllable and stress on the only vowel sound. When combined, the two words form "sooty tern" /ˈsuː.ti tɜːn/, with the stress still on the first syllable of "sooty".
The sooty tern, scientifically known as Onychoprion fuscatus, is a seabird species belonging to the family Laridae. It is renowned for its striking and distinguishing physical characteristics, with an average length of 36 to 41 centimeters and a wingspan measuring around 84 to 94 centimeters.
The plumage of the sooty tern is predominantly uniform black, with a noticeable forked tail that reflects its aerial agility. The name "sooty" aptly describes this bird's appearance due to its dark and smoky complexion. Additionally, its long, slender wings are well-adapted for effortless soaring and gliding during flight.
Primarily found in marine environments, the sooty tern is a highly migratory species with a widespread distribution across tropical and subtropical regions. They breed in large colonies on remote islands and atolls, often nesting on rocky surfaces or in vegetation. The sooty tern is remarkably gregarious, forming massive flocks that can consist of thousands to millions of individuals.
These birds predominantly consume fish and squid, which they obtain through surface plunging or shallow diving. They possess high maneuverability skills, enabling them to swiftly capture prey from the ocean surface. Sooty terns are known to travel long distances in search of food, with some individuals venturing as far as 100 kilometers away from their breeding grounds.
For navigation purposes, sooty terns rely on their inherent ability to orient themselves using celestial cues, as well as the recognition of environmental landmarks. Their remarkable adaptability to a marine lifestyle and ability to cover vast distances exemplifies the remarkable nature of these elegant and resilient avian creatures.
The word "sooty" in "sooty tern" comes from the Old English word "sotig", which means "soot-colored" or "blackened by soot". The term "tern" refers to the type of bird, which belongs to the family Sternidae. So, "sooty tern" refers to the particular bird species with dark or soot-colored plumage.