A snow banner refers to a meteorological phenomenon characterized by a long, thin strip or band of snow suspended in the atmosphere and extending horizontally for a significant distance. This atmospheric event typically occurs during or after a snowstorm and is caused by the interaction between the prevailing wind and topographical features such as mountains, hills, or buildings. The wind encounters a barrier, causing it to ascend or descend, resulting in the formation of vertical air currents. As the air rises or descends, it cools or warms, respectively, leading to changes in the humidity and temperature conditions of the air.
Consequently, if the air reaches its saturation point, snowflakes form due to condensation and freezing of the moisture in the air. These snowflakes then align and accumulate in a coherent linear pattern perpendicular to the wind direction, creating a snow banner. The elongated shape of the snow banner is maintained as long as the wind persists, distinguishing it from other snow phenomena such as flurries or snow squalls. Snow banners can stretch for several kilometers, sometimes resembling a ribbon or a wave suspended in the sky.
Snow banners are primarily observed in mountainous regions where the interaction between the wind and the terrain is enhanced. Their presence can aid in determining wind direction and speed, providing valuable information for activities such as aviation, sailing, or winter sports.
The word "snow banner" does not have an established etymology as it is a combination of two separate words: "snow" and "banner".
The term "snow" originates from the Old English word "snaw", which is derived from the Proto-Germanic word "snaiwaz". This word is related to various other Germanic languages such as Old Norse "snǫr", Old High German "snēo", and Gothic "snaiws".
On the other hand, the word "banner" comes from the Latin word "bannum" meaning "flag" or "ensign". It is also related to the Old French word "baniere" and the Late Latin word "banderia".
When combined, "snow banner" refers to a visual phenomenon where snow particles are picked up by the wind, creating a visible stream or plume of blowing snow resembling a banner.