Small cell lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is an integral part of the immune system responsible for fighting infection and disease. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of small lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cells responsible for the body's immune response.
Small cell lymphoma is classified as a non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a group of lymphoid malignancies that do not involve Reed-Sternberg cells, unlike Hodgkin lymphoma. The abnormal lymphocytes in small cell lymphoma tend to be smaller in size compared to other lymphomas.
This type of lymphoma is further categorized into different subtypes, including follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma, among others. The symptoms and prognosis of small cell lymphoma can vary depending on the specific subtype and stage of the disease.
Common symptoms of small cell lymphoma include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and unintentional weight loss. Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history assessment, physical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy of affected lymph nodes or other tissues.
Treatment options for small cell lymphoma may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplant, depending on the subtype, stage, and individual patient factors. The goal of treatment is to eliminate or control the cancer cells, reduce symptoms, and improve quality of life. Regular follow-up and monitoring are essential to assess the response to treatment and detect any recurrence.
