Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is a type of aggressive malignant tumor that originates in the tissues of the lung. It is a highly lethal form of lung cancer characterized by rapidly dividing small cells with a distinct appearance under the microscope. SCLC accounts for approximately 10-15% of all lung cancers.
This type of cancer is commonly associated with heavy tobacco smoking, and it typically spreads rapidly to other organs, such as the liver, brain, and bones, making it more challenging to treat. SCLC is divided into two main categories: limited-stage and extensive-stage disease, based on the extent of tumor spread.
In terms of symptoms, individuals with small cell lung cancer may experience persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, unintentional weight loss, and coughing up blood. Diagnosis of SCLC often involves a combination of imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans, as well as biopsies to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
Treatment for SCLC typically involves a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as surgery is usually not a viable option given the metastatic nature of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Additionally, targeted therapies and immunotherapy may be used in certain cases. The prognosis for small cell lung cancer tends to be more pessimistic compared to non-small cell lung cancer due to its aggressive nature and tendency to spread early. However, advancements in cancer treatments have provided some improvements in survival rates for certain individuals. Regular check-ups and early detection remain crucial for improving outcomes in small cell lung cancer patients.
