Shoulder girdle neuropathies refer to a group of neurological conditions characterized by damage, compression, or dysfunction of the nerves that supply the muscles and tissues surrounding the shoulder girdle. The shoulder girdle consists of the bones, muscles, and joints involved in connecting the upper limbs to the axial skeleton.
These neuropathies typically involve the brachial plexus, a network of nerves originating in the spinal cord's lower cervical and upper thoracic levels that give rise to the nerves controlling the movement and sensation of the shoulder, arm, and hand. Other nerves, such as the suprascapular, axillary, and long thoracic nerves, can also be affected causing additional symptoms.
Various underlying causes may contribute to shoulder girdle neuropathies, including trauma, repetitive motions, compression or entrapment of nerves, systemic diseases (such as diabetes), tumors, infections, and autoimmune disorders.
Symptoms of shoulder girdle neuropathies commonly include pain, weakness, numbness, tingling, and muscle atrophy in the affected shoulder, arm, or hand. These symptoms may be exacerbated by activities that involve repetitive overhead movements, lifting heavy objects, or maintaining certain positions for extended periods.
Diagnosis of shoulder girdle neuropathies often involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and the use of diagnostic tools like electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) to assess nerve function. Imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can help identify structural abnormalities or nerve compression.
Treatment for shoulder girdle neuropathies aims to alleviate symptoms, manage pain, and improve functionality. It may involve conservative measures such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, pain management, and the use of assistive devices
