Shotgun marriage is a term used to describe a marriage that is arranged hastily due to external pressures. The word "shotgun" refers to the threat of coercion or force that may be used to ensure compliance with the arrangement. The pronunciation of "shotgun marriage" is written as /ˈʃɒtɡʌn ˈmærɪdʒ/, with the stressed syllable being on the second syllable of "shotgun" and the first syllable of "marriage". The two words are frequently combined to create a compound word, which is pronounced as one unit.
A shotgun marriage refers to a hastily arranged, forced, or coerced wedding that typically occurs due to an unmarried couple being compelled or pressured into matrimony primarily to avoid social stigma or meet moral or cultural expectations. The term "shotgun" metaphorically suggests that a real or figurative threat or "gun" is to be employed if the couple does not comply with the union. Generally, this term is used in situations where the bride is already pregnant, as shotgun marriages have historically been associated with the desire to legitimize a child's birth.
These marriages often lack the careful planning, thoughtful consideration, or genuine affection that ideally precede a wedding ceremony. They may be instigated by concerned family members, religious authorities, or societal norms, with the aim of preserving family honor, maintaining community customs, or ensuring that both parents are present for the upbringing of the child. While shotgun marriages are typically considered to be arrangements driven by external pressures rather than personal choice or love, it is important to note that some couples may choose to marry under these circumstances as a means of taking responsibility for their actions or desiring a committed relationship.
Shotgun marriages have become less commonplace in contemporary society, primarily due to evolving social attitudes towards cohabitation, pregnancy outside of wedlock, and individual autonomy in decision-making. However, the concept remains relevant as a historical and cultural reference to a specific type of marriage arrangement.
The term "shotgun marriage" originated in the United States in the early 20th century. It is believed to have derived from the literal practice of using a shotgun to coerce a man into marrying a woman after having impregnated her out of wedlock. The implication is that the man is forced to marry due to the threat of violence. The phrase emphasizes the sense of urgency or compulsion associated with such marriages. Over time, the term has become a common idiom to describe any marriage that is hastily arranged or forced due to unexpected circumstances, particularly pregnancy.