The word "shortened" is spelled with eight letters, starting with the letter "s" followed by "h", "o", "r", "t", "e", "n", and "e". It is pronounced as /ˈʃɔːtnd/ according to the IPA phonetic transcription. The "sh" sound in the beginning means that the phoneme is voiced palato-alveolar sibilant. The "o" is pronounced like the "aw" sound in "law". The "r" is sounded using a retroflex approximant, and then we have the voiced dental nasal "n" at the end of the word.
Shortened is the past participle of the verb shorten. It is synonymous with the concept of making something shorter, either in length, duration, or time. When used as an adjective, shortened typically describes something that has undergone reduction or abbreviation, resulting in a reduced length or duration.
In a literal sense, shortened can refer to physical objects or materials that have been trimmed or reduced in size. For example, a shortened version of a book or article would imply that it has been edited or condensed to express only the essential information, keeping the main ideas while omitting detailed or extraneous content.
In a figurative sense, shortened can describe the reduction of time or duration. For instance, a shortened work week may imply that the usual number of working hours or days has been decreased, often due to special circumstances such as holidays or events. Similarly, a shortened life expectancy refers to a reduced average lifespan in comparison to what is considered typical or expected.
Overall, shortened conveys the idea of making something smaller or more concise. It signifies the act of cutting down, abbreviating, or summarizing, resulting in a condensed or reduced version of an object, duration, or time frame.
To shorten a rope, to take in the slack of it; to shorten sail, to reduce sail by taking the sails in.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "shortened" is formed from the verb "shorten" combined with the suffix "-ed".
The verb "shorten" originated from the Old English word "scortian", which means "to make short". It is further derived from the Old Norse word "skorta", meaning "to be short or lacking". This can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic root "*skurtijaną".
The addition of the suffix "-ed" forms the past tense and past participle form of the verb, indicating that the action of shortening has already occurred.