Shope Fibroma Virus, also known as SFV, is a species of poxvirus that primarily affects rabbits. It belongs to the family Poxviridae and the genus Leporipoxvirus. SFV is responsible for causing Shope fibromas, which are benign skin tumors that develop in infected animals.
The virus is characterized by its ability to produce proliferative lesions on infected rabbits' skin, commonly found around the head, neck, or forelimbs. These fibromas, or tumors, are typically solitary or present in limited numbers. They can vary in size, ranging from small, pea-like nodules to large, irregular masses. The fibromas are usually pinkish to reddish-brown in color and have a firm texture.
Transmission of SFV occurs primarily through direct contact with infected animals or exposure to contaminated materials such as bedding, grooming tools, or cages. It can also spread through biting insects like fleas, ticks, or mosquitos.
Although Shope fibromas are generally harmless and often regress spontaneously, they can occasionally cause discomfort for the affected rabbits, especially if they become large or ulcerated. In some cases, surgical removal may be necessary to alleviate any potential complications. SFV infections are self-limiting and typically resolve on their own within a few months.
Shope Fibroma Virus is an important model for studying the host-virus interactions and immune responses due to its similarity with other poxviruses. Research on SFV has provided valuable insights into the dynamics and pathogenesis of poxvirus infections, contributing to our overall understanding of viral diseases.
