Sewage disposal tanks, also known as septic tanks or wastewater treatment tanks, are an essential component of a sewage system used to treat and dispose of domestic wastewater. These tanks are typically made of concrete but can also be composed of fiberglass, polyethylene, or other durable materials.
Such tanks are designed to receive and treat sewage from residential or commercial properties that are not connected to a centralized sewer system. They function as a primary treatment facility by separating and settling solid waste materials from the wastewater through a natural biological process.
The process begins when wastewater flows into the tank, allowing the solids to sink and form a sludge layer at the bottom. This separation process helps reduce the number of solids and prevents them from clogging the drainage system. The remaining liquid, referred to as effluent, floats on top of the sludge layer and is discharged into a drain field or leach field for further treatment and absorption into the soil.
To ensure the proper functioning of the sewage disposal tank, it is necessary to have routine maintenance, including periodic pumping to remove accumulated sludge and inspecting the tank for any damages or leaks. Neglect or disregarding maintenance can lead to system failures, causing costly repairs or potentially contaminating groundwater sources.
By providing decomposition and treatment of domestic wastewater, sewage disposal tanks assist in the protection of public health and the environment, particularly in areas where a central sewer system is not feasible.
