SEMANTIC MEMORIES Meaning and
Definition
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Semantic memories are a type of long-term memory that store general knowledge about the world, concepts, and facts. They represent acquired information and are independent of the personal contexts in which the memories were formed. These memories are a fundamental component of our cognitive processes and play a crucial role in understanding language, reasoning, decision-making, problem-solving, and overall comprehension.
Unlike episodic memories, which are tied to specific events, semantic memories are associated with the meanings and concepts of words and symbols. They encompass a vast range of information, such as definitions, historical facts, mathematical principles, scientific theories, cultural norms, and social customs. For example, knowing that Paris is the capital of France or that water is essential for life are examples of semantic memories.
Semantic memories are organized in a network-like structure, where related concepts are interconnected. This arrangement allows for the efficient retrieval and association of information. When we encounter new information, our brains continuously integrate it into the existing network of semantic memories, expanding our knowledge and facilitating future learning.
These memories are generally more stable and resistant to forgetting compared to episodic memories. However, they can also undergo modifications or become susceptible to distortions over time. Semantic memories are typically developed through experiences, education, and exposure to various sources of knowledge, including formal education, reading, personal observations, conversations, and cultural interactions.
In summary, semantic memories are the accumulation of general knowledge and concepts that form the basis of our understanding of the world. They are crucial for cognitive processes such as language comprehension, reasoning, and problem-solving, and they contribute to our overall intellectual development.
Etymology of SEMANTIC MEMORIES
The term "semantic memories" derives from the combination of two main components:
1. Semantic: The word "semantic" originates from the Greek word "sēmantikos", meaning "significant" or "meaningful". It entered the English language in the late 19th century and relates to the study of meaning in language, logic, and other symbols.
2. Memories: The term "memories" derives from the Latin word "memoria", meaning "memory". It has been used in English language since the Middle Ages to refer to the ability to remember and recall information.
When combined, "semantic memories" refer to the long-term memories that store conceptual knowledge, general facts, and meanings of words and concepts. It specifically focuses on the understanding and memory of the semantic aspects of information, such as the relationships between words, their definitions, and their associations.
