A savanna is a type of ecosystem characterized by a widespread grassland interspersed with scattered trees or shrubs. It is typically found in tropical or subtropical regions with distinct wet and dry seasons. The term "savanna" originates from the Taino word for "treeless plains."
The grassy plains in a savanna are typically dominated by various grass species, which have adapted to survive extended periods of drought and occasional wildfires. These grasses are often tall, and their tough, fibrous growth allows them to regrow quickly after fires. Meanwhile, the scattered trees in a savanna are usually drought-tolerant species such as acacias, baobabs, or palms. These trees provide shade and shelter for numerous animal species.
Savannas are known for their significant biodiversity and serve as habitats for a wide array of wildlife, including large grazing mammals like zebras, giraffes, and antelopes. These herbivores feed on the abundant grasses, while carnivores like lions, cheetahs, and hyenas hunt them. Additionally, savannas are home to various bird species, reptiles, and insects.
The distinct wet and dry seasons shape life in the savanna. During the rainy season, the grass grows tall and lush, creating a vibrant landscape. However, the dry season brings drought, causing the grasses to wither and water sources to diminish. This seasonal pattern plays a vital role in shaping the interactions between plants and animals in the savanna.
Savannas are significant and valuable ecosystems, providing resources for both wildlife and human communities. They support agriculture, livestock grazing, and tourism. However, due to factors such as climate change, deforestation, and overgrazing, savannas face threats that
