Saka is a noun and a proper noun that can have several meanings depending on the context and cultural references. Often, it refers to an ancient Iranian group or Indo-European tribe that existed during the Iron Age. They were known for their military prowess, horseback riding skills, and their establishment of the Saka satrapies (provinces) in Central Asia, particularly in what is now modern-day Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan.
Additionally, Saka can also refer to a region or a people associated with these ancient tribes, particularly the area known as Sistan and Baluchistan in present-day Iran and Pakistan. The Saka people played a significant role in the region's history and cultural development, influencing local customs, traditions, and languages.
Moreover, Saka can also be used in the context of Buddhism. In Buddhist scriptures, Saka is regarded as a celestial deity or a god who resides in the realm of the Thirty-Three (Trayastrimsa) Heaven. Saka is considered to be a protector of Buddhism and is often depicted as a divine figure in Buddhist art and iconography.
In summary, Saka has historical connotations as an ancient Iranian tribe, a people or region associated with them, or as a deity in Buddhist mythology. The specific meaning of Saka can vary depending on the context in which it is used.
