Sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation and clotting of the sagittal sinus, a large vein found in the brain. The sagittal sinus is responsible for draining blood from the brain and transferring it to other veins in the body. Thrombophlebitis refers to the formation of blood clots within veins, while inflammation of these veins is known as phlebitis.
Sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis usually occurs as a complication of an infection, most commonly from an infection in the nose, sinuses, or middle ear. The inflammation in the surrounding tissues can extend into the sagittal sinus, leading to the formation of blood clots. This condition can also be caused by the extension of an infection or inflammation from other nearby structures such as the scalp or forehead.
Symptoms of sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis can include severe headaches, fever, visual disturbances, confusion, seizures, and increased pressure within the brain. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as meningitis, brain abscess, or stroke.
Diagnosis of sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis typically involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, blood tests, and lumbar puncture to analyze the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Treatment for sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis usually involves intravenous antibiotics to control the underlying infection, along with anticoagulant medications to prevent the further formation of blood clots. In some severe cases, surgical intervention may be required to remove the clot or drain the infected area.
Overall, sagittal sinus thrombophlebitis is a rare but potentially serious
