RIBOSOME Meaning and
Definition
-
A ribosome is a cellular organelle found in all living organisms that plays a pivotal role in protein synthesis. It is often referred to as the cell's protein factory. Ribosomes are composed of ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules and various proteins. They are responsible for translating the genetic instructions encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which eventually form proteins.
These organelles consist of two subunits, known as the large and small subunits, which come together during protein synthesis and dissociate when the process concludes. Ribosomes can be either free-floating in the cytoplasm, known as free ribosomes, or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, referred to as bound ribosomes.
The structure of ribosomes consists of several rRNA molecules, which serve as scaffolds for ribosomal proteins to bind and facilitate the catalytic functions of the ribosome during protein synthesis. It undergoes a complex series of steps, including initiation, elongation, and termination, to ensure accurate and efficient protein production.
Overall, ribosomes are essential organelles that are indispensable for the maintenance and growth of every living cell. Their involvement in protein synthesis contributes to the proper functioning of various biological processes, including enzymatic reactions, structural components, and cellular signaling.
Common Misspellings for RIBOSOME
Etymology of RIBOSOME
The word "ribosome" has its roots in the Greek language. It is derived from the combination of two Greek words: "ribon" (meaning "ribonucleic acid") and "soma" (meaning "body"). In this context, "ribon" refers to the ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that are involved in the synthesis of proteins, and "soma" represents the overall structure or body of the ribosome. The term "ribosome" was first coined in the early 1950s by a molecular biologist named Richard B. Roberts.
Infographic
Add the infographic to your website:
