"Retables" is a plural noun referring to an ornamental or decorative altarpiece often found in churches, typically comprised of a series of painted or sculpted panels. Its pronunciation, as per International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), is rɛtəbəlz. The first syllable "re" is pronounced as "rɛ", similar to the word retail. The second syllable "ta" is pronounced as "tə", while the final syllable "bles" is pronounced as "bəlz". Knowing its pronunciation and spelling is essential when communicating about religious art, architecture, and history.
Retables are artistic structures typically displayed at the back of an altar or behind a religious shrine. Also known as reredos, they are ornamental panels or screens that serve as background or support for sculptures, paintings, or other decorative elements in a religious setting. These structures are commonly found in Christian churches, particularly in Western Europe, and have been part of religious art and architecture since the Middle Ages.
Retables are often made of wood or stone and are intricately carved or decorated with religious imagery. They can feature scenes from the life of Christ, depictions of saints, or other biblical narratives. The purpose of a retable is to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the sacred space, providing a visually appealing backdrop for worship, prayer, and contemplation.
The design and style of retables can vary greatly depending on the time period, region, and artistic tradition they originate from. Some may be simple and minimalistic, while others are highly elaborate and ornate. In addition to their decorative function, retables also provide a focal point for religious rituals and ceremonies within the church.
Retables are not only regarded as important artistic and architectural features but also hold great religious and cultural significance. They contribute to the overall ambiance and reverence of a religious space, reminding worshippers of the stories and teachings of their faith.
The word "retables" is derived from the French word "retable", which ultimately comes from the Latin word "retro tabula". "Retro" means "behind" or "back", and "tabula" means "table" or "board". In the context of art and religious structures, a "retable" refers to a decorated panel or structure situated behind or above an altar. The term originated in the Middle Ages to describe the ornamental wooden or stone paneling used to enhance the visual appeal of altarpieces. Over time, the term "retable" expanded to encompass various decorative structures and elements associated with religious art.