The Republic of San Marino is a microstate located in Southern Europe, entirely surrounded by Italian territory. With an area of just 61 square kilometers (24 square miles) and a population of approximately 34,000, it is one of the smallest countries in the world. Established in the year 301 AD, San Marino is the oldest surviving sovereign state and constitutional republic. It is also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino.
San Marino is situated on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, providing picturesque landscapes and scenic beauty. The country is characterized by its historic architecture, such as the three fortified towers that dominate the capital city of San Marino. The economy primarily relies on tourism, banking, and the production of ceramics, textiles, and wine.
The governance of San Marino is based on a parliamentary system, with the Captain Regent serving as the head of state. The country maintains a strong democratic tradition, and it is renowned for its political stability and low crime rates. San Marino has its own legal system, although the Italian legal system influences it. The country is not a member of the European Union, but it has a customs union agreement and a euro currency agreement with the EU.
San Marino also boasts a rich cultural heritage, including its tradition of political and civil freedoms. The people of San Marino hold deep pride in their history and cultural identity. They celebrate various festivals and events throughout the year, attracting numerous visitors from around the world.
In sum, the Republic of San Marino is a small, tranquil, and historic nation, famous for its enduring sovereignty, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant cultural heritage.
