The Republic of El Salvador is a Central American country situated on the western portion of the continent. Spanning approximately 21,041 square kilometers, it is the smallest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the northeast, Guatemala to the northwest, and the Pacific Ocean to the south.
El Salvador gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821, and subsequently became a part of the Federal Republic of Central America. However, it separated from the federation in 1838 and emerged as an independent nation. The country's terrain is diverse, with volcanic mountains forming significant landmarks, such as the Santa Ana Volcano. The population of El Salvador is predominantly of Mestizo descent.
The government of El Salvador is a representative democratic republic with a multi-party system. The president, chosen through a popular vote, acts as both the head of state and government. The legislative branch includes a unicameral legislature, the Legislative Assembly, comprising 84 members elected by proportional representation.
El Salvador's economy mainly relies on services, manufacturing, and agriculture, with industries like textiles, food processing, and offshore services contributing significantly. It is also a significant recipient of remittances from Salvadorans living abroad. However, the nation faces challenges regarding income inequality, poverty, and gang violence.
El Salvador has a vibrant culture rooted in its indigenous, Spanish, and indigenous-Spanish mestizo heritage. Music, dance, and traditional festivities, such as the Panchimalco Carnival, reflect the colorful and diverse cultural fabric of the country. El Salvador is also known for its traditional cuisine, which includes dishes like pupusas and yuca con chicharrón.
