The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is a sovereign state located in southeastern Europe, situated on the western Balkan Peninsula. With a complex history, this country emerged as one of the six constituent nations resulting from the disintegration of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It gained independence in 1992 following a period of political turmoil and armed conflict.
As a republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by a form of government where the power is held by the people and exercised through elected representatives. The country consists of two political entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, which share legislative and executive authorities.
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina represents the majority of the land and population and is predominantly inhabited by a mix of Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) and Croats. Republika Srpska is predominantly populated by Serbs. Both entities, as well as the District of Brcko, have their own governments, constitutions, and president.
The capital and largest city of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Sarajevo, which holds significant historical and cultural value. The country has a diverse society with influences from various ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds. Additionally, it is known for its scenic landscapes, including the Dinaric Alps, rivers, and historic cities, attracting tourists from around the world.
Since the end of the Bosnian War in 1995, Bosnia and Herzegovina has been striving for stability and development. It aspires to integrate into the European Union and NATO, while also addressing the remaining challenges related to post-war reconstruction, political reconciliation, and economic growth.
