The spelling of "programmable readonly memories" can be broken down with IPA phonetic transcription. The word "programmable" is pronounced /ˈprəʊɡræməbl/ with the stress on the first syllable. "Readonly" is pronounced /riːdˈoʊni/ with the stress on the second syllable. "Memories" is pronounced /ˈmeməriz/ with the stress on the first syllable. Therefore, the complete pronunciation is /ˈprəʊɡræməbl riːdˈoʊni ˈmeməriz/. "Programmable readonly memories" refer to a type of computer memory that can be programmed with data, but cannot be changed again once programmed.
Programmable read-only memories (PROMs) are non-volatile electronic memory devices that can be programmed by the user to store permanent data and retain the information even when power is removed. They are a type of semiconductor memory that allows data to be written to and read from its cells, but cannot be erased or modified after programming.
PROMs consist of memory cells arranged in a matrix structure, with each cell capable of storing a single bit of information. The cells are composed of transistors and diodes, with the state of the memory cell determined by the presence or absence of a diode at the intersection of a horizontal word line and a vertical bit line. The programming of a PROM involves selectively blowing fuses or creating short circuits in certain cells using external programming equipment or devices.
Once a PROM has been programmed, the information stored in its cells cannot be altered. This makes PROMs ideal for storing fixed data or programs that do not require modification. However, since PROMs are not erasable, they are less flexible compared to other memory technologies such as erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs) or electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs).
PROMs find applications in a variety of fields including digital electronics, industrial control systems, automotive electronics, and consumer electronics. They are commonly used to store calibration data, firmware, operating systems, encryption keys, and other fixed information that needs to be secure and unchangeable.