POLYUBIQUITIN Meaning and
Definition
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Polyubiquitin is a term used in molecular biology and biochemistry to refer to a protein that has undergone a process called ubiquitination, where multiple ubiquitin molecules are attached to it. Ubiquitin is a small peptide consisting of 76 amino acids that plays a crucial role in cellular processes such as protein degradation, DNA repair, immune response, and cell signaling. It is highly conserved across species, highlighting its importance in cellular functions.
Polyubiquitination is a post-translational modification that involves the attachment of multiple ubiquitin moieties to a target protein. This process is mediated by three enzymes: an ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and an ubiquitin ligase (E3). These enzymes work together to assemble and attach ubiquitin molecules to specific amino acid residues on the target protein.
Polyubiquitin serves as a signal for protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Once a protein is polyubiquitinated, it is recognized and targeted by the proteasome for degradation. This process ensures that unwanted or damaged proteins are efficiently removed from the cell. Furthermore, polyubiquitination can also regulate protein function, localization, and interactions by altering the stability, activity, or localization of the modified protein.
Overall, polyubiquitin is a key player in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating various biological processes by selectively marking proteins for degradation or modifying their function.
Common Misspellings for POLYUBIQUITIN
- oolyubiquitin
- lolyubiquitin
- -olyubiquitin
- 0olyubiquitin
- pilyubiquitin
- pklyubiquitin
- pllyubiquitin
- pplyubiquitin
- p0lyubiquitin
- p9lyubiquitin
- pokyubiquitin
- popyubiquitin
- pooyubiquitin
- poltubiquitin
- polgubiquitin
- polhubiquitin
- poluubiquitin
- pol7ubiquitin
- pol6ubiquitin
- polyybiquitin
Etymology of POLYUBIQUITIN
The word "Polyubiquitin" is derived from two components: "poly-" and "ubiquitin".
The prefix "poly-" is derived from the Greek word "polýs", meaning "many" or "much". It is commonly used in scientific terminology to indicate multiple instances or a high amount of something.
The term "ubiquitin" was coined in 1975 by Gideon Goldstein and Avram Hershko, who discovered the protein. It is derived from the Latin words "ubi", meaning "where", and "-tin", indicating a small protein. "Ubiquitin" refers to the protein's widespread presence within cells.
Therefore, when combined, "Polyubiquitin" literally translates to "many ubiquitins" or "a high amount of ubiquitin molecules".
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