POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTION Meaning and
Definition
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Polyomavirus infection refers to a viral infection caused by a type of virus in the Polyomaviridae family, specifically the Polyomavirus genus. These viruses are small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that can infect both humans and animals, including mammals and birds. Human polyomaviruses typically cause mild or asymptomatic infections, but they can also lead to severe illnesses, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Polyomavirus infections in humans are commonly associated with respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold. However, some polyomaviruses have been implicated in the development of more serious conditions, including cancer and organ transplant rejection. Notable human polyomaviruses include BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV), and Merkel cell polyomavirus.
Polyomavirus infections are typically transmitted through respiratory droplets, close person-to-person contact, or exposure to contaminated urine or feces. Once the virus enters the body, it can establish primary infection in the respiratory or urinary tract, and subsequently spread to other organs or tissues, depending on the specific type of polyomavirus.
Symptoms of polyomavirus infection can vary greatly, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe kidney or brain damage. Diagnosing these infections often requires laboratory tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques to detect viral DNA in bodily fluids.
Treatment for polyomavirus infections usually involves supportive care, as there are currently no specific antiviral drugs available. However, preventive measures such as practicing good hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and ensuring immunization against other viral infections can help reduce the risk of acquiring or transmitting polyomavirus infections.
Common Misspellings for POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTION
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Etymology of POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTION
The word "polyomavirus" is derived from the Greek words "poly" meaning multiple, and "oma" meaning tumor. It was coined based on the observation that these viruses were capable of causing multiple tumors in experimental animals.
The term "infection" is derived from the Latin word "infectio", which means "a poisoning". It refers to the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, such as viruses, within a host organism, leading to various clinical manifestations and diseases.
