Placental lactogen hormone, also known as human placental lactogen (hPL), is a pregnancy-specific hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It is a protein hormone that plays a crucial role in ensuring a healthy pregnancy and supporting the growth and development of the fetus.
Placental lactogen hormone is primarily involved in regulating the mother's metabolism during pregnancy. It acts as a metabolic hormone by increasing the mother's metabolism and altering her metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This hormone helps enhance the mother's insulin resistance, ensuring a steady supply of glucose and nutrients to the developing fetus.
Moreover, placental lactogen hormone also exerts its effects on the mother's breast tissue, preparing it for lactation and milk production following childbirth. It promotes the growth of mammary glands, stimulates milk-producing cells (lactocytes), and aids in the synthesis and secretion of breast milk. This makes it an essential hormone for successful breastfeeding after childbirth.
Additionally, placental lactogen hormone has growth-promoting effects on the fetus. It contributes to the development of fetal organs and tissues, especially the liver, adrenal glands, and skeletal muscles. It also helps regulate fetal blood glucose levels, ensuring adequate energy supply and growth of the fetus throughout pregnancy.
In summary, placental lactogen hormone is a pregnancy-specific hormone produced by the placenta. It acts as a metabolic regulator, supports mammary gland development for future lactation, and contributes to the growth and development of the fetus.
