PHYTOCHEMICALS Meaning and
Definition
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Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds found in plants that possess non-nutritional bioactive properties, meaning they provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Derived from the Greek word "phyto" meaning plant, these chemicals play a crucial role in various physiological processes and contribute to the vibrant colors, flavors, and aromas of plants.
Phytochemicals are distinct from essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, as they are not considered essential for human survival. However, research has shown that these compounds can influence human health by acting as antioxidants, enhancing immune function, reducing inflammation, and potentially reducing the risk of various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.
There are thousands of different phytochemicals present in various plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and herbs. Some well-known phytochemicals include carotenoids (found in carrots and tomatoes), flavonoids (found in citrus fruits and berries), and polyphenols (found in green tea and cocoa).
Consuming a diverse range of plant-based foods is crucial for obtaining a wide spectrum of phytochemicals, as different plant species contain different combinations and quantities of these compounds. However, it is important to note that the specific roles and health benefits of many phytochemicals are still being actively studied, and research in this field continues to evolve.
Etymology of PHYTOCHEMICALS
The word "phytochemicals" is derived from two root words: "phyto", which comes from the Greek word "phyton", meaning "plant", and "chemicals", which refers to the various compounds and substances that exist in nature. Therefore, "phytochemicals" literally means "chemicals derived from plants". These compounds are often associated with health benefits and are found in various plant-based foods.
