Photovoltaic is spelled as /ˌfoʊtoʊvɒlˈteɪ.ɪk/ which is derived from two Greek words, phōtós meaning light and volt meaning electric potential, and the suffix -ic meaning pertaining to. Phonetically, it is pronounced as "foh-toh-vol-tey-ik." It refers to a technology that converts sunlight into electricity using semiconducting materials. This spelling must be memorized as it is difficult to deduce from sound alone. Efficient usage of photovoltaic technology can lead to a significant reduction in carbon emissions and a cleaner environment.
Photovoltaic is an adjective that pertains to the generation of electric power using solar energy. It refers to the process of converting sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells. The term "photovoltaic" comes from the Greek words "photo" and "volt," which roughly translate to "light" and "electricity" respectively.
Photovoltaic technology involves the use of semiconducting materials, most commonly silicon, to absorb photons (particles of light) from sunlight and stimulate the flow of electrons. When sunlight strikes these solar cells, the photons transfer their energy to the electrons, allowing them to flow freely through an external circuit and generate electricity. This phenomenon is known as the photovoltaic effect.
Photovoltaic systems can range in size, from small-scale applications like solar-powered calculators and wristwatches, to large-scale installations like solar power plants. These systems typically include an array of interconnected solar panels that collectively convert sunlight into electrical energy. This clean and renewable source of power reduces dependence on traditional fossil fuels, mitigates greenhouse gas emissions, and contributes to a more sustainable energy future.
In summary, photovoltaic refers to the process, technology, and systems that harness solar energy to convert it into electricity through the use of semiconducting materials and the photovoltaic effect, providing a clean and renewable alternative to traditional power sources.
The word "photovoltaic" is derived from two Greek words: "photo" meaning light and "voltaic" referring to electricity. "Photo" comes from the Greek word "phos" (φῶς) which means light, and "voltaic" is derived from the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta, who is known for his work on electrical currents and the invention of the battery. Combining these two terms, "photovoltaic" refers to the process of converting light energy into electrical energy, which is the principle behind solar cells and solar panels.