Periostosis refers to a medical condition characterized by the inflammation and thickening of the periosteum, a dense fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of bones. The term "periostosis" combines two Greek words, "peri" meaning "around" and "osteon" meaning "bone."
The periosteum is a vital component of bone as it plays a crucial role in bone growth, development, maintenance, and repair. However, when it becomes inflamed, it can lead to periostosis. This condition may occur due to various reasons such as injury, infection, tumor growth, or as a result of an underlying medical condition.
Symptoms of periostosis may vary depending on the cause and location, but they often include pain, swelling, tenderness, and increased sensitivity over the affected area. In addition, individuals may experience limited range of motion and stiffness in the joints nearby the affected bone.
Diagnosis of periostosis typically involves physical examination, medical history review, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans. These tests help in identifying the underlying cause and determining the extent of bone and periosteum involvement.
Treatment of periostosis primarily focuses on addressing the underlying cause. This may involve medication to manage pain and inflammation, physical therapy for rehabilitation, antibiotics for infections, or surgery for severe cases involving bone abnormalities or tumor removal. Prognosis depends on the cause and severity of the condition, but with appropriate treatment, many individuals experience relief from symptoms and restore normal functionality.
