Pelvic Horn Syndrome, also known as Unicornuate Uterus, is a rare congenital abnormality in which a woman is born with a uterus that only has one horn instead of the usual two. The condition gets its name from the horn-like structure of the uterus.
Typically, during embryonic development, two Müllerian ducts fuse together to form a single uterus. In cases of Pelvic Horn Syndrome, this fusion does not occur completely, resulting in the formation of a uterus with only one functioning horn. The other horn may be absent, rudimentary, or even non-functional. This condition can also be associated with abnormalities in the Fallopian tubes and kidneys.
Women with Pelvic Horn Syndrome generally have a normal external genitalia and normal menstruation since the remaining horn is capable of undergoing the menstrual cycle and supporting fertility. However, the condition can lead to various complications such as recurrent miscarriages, preterm labor, infertility, and ectopic pregnancies.
Diagnosis of Pelvic Horn Syndrome is usually achieved through imaging techniques such as ultrasound, hysterosalpingogram, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment options depend on the individual's specific reproductive goals and may include fertility-enhancing procedures like surgical correction, in vitro fertilization (IVF), or fertility-sparing surgeries.
In summary, Pelvic Horn Syndrome is a rare structural abnormality of the uterus where only one horn develops. This condition can impact a woman's fertility and reproductive health and may require medical interventions to manage associated complications.
