The word "patena" is a term used in Catholicism to refer to a flat, usually circular, sacred vessel used for holding the Eucharistic bread during Mass. The pronunciation of the word is pə-TEE-nə, with stress on the second syllable. The spelling can be explained using IPA phonetic transcription, where the /p/ sound represents the first consonant sound, the unstressed schwa /ə/ is used twice for the second and fourth syllable, the /t/ sound represents the second consonant sound, and the /i/ sound represents the third vowel sound.
A patena is a liturgical vessel used in Christian religious ceremonies, primarily in the Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican traditions. It is typically a small, flat, plate-like object made of precious metal, such as gold or silver.
The primary purpose of a patena is to hold the Eucharistic bread, also known as the host, during the celebration of the Mass or Holy Communion. It is used in conjunction with the chalice, which holds the wine representing the blood of Christ. The patena is placed on top of the chalice during the Eucharistic prayer, symbolizing the unity of Christ's body and blood.
The design of a patena can vary, but it typically features a raised rim to prevent the bread from falling off. Some patenas may be adorned with intricate engravings, religious symbols, or precious gemstones to signify their sacredness and importance.
The usage of a patena during the Eucharistic celebration is rooted in ancient Christian traditions that date back to the early Church. It serves as a vessel of honor and reverence, signifying the sanctity of the bread that becomes the body of Christ.
The patena, along with the chalice, is considered an essential element of the holy vessels used in the sacrament of the Eucharist, representing the central act of Christian worship and the receiving of Christ's body and blood for spiritual nourishment.
The word "patena" comes from the Latin "patina", which originally referred to a shallow dish or platter. The Latin term was derived from the ancient Greek word "patane", meaning "bowl" or "dish". In early Latin usage, "patina" denoted a broad, shallow dish used for various purposes, including cooking and serving food. Over time, the term became more specific and came to refer specifically to the small, flat plate used in Christian liturgy to hold the bread during the Eucharist. This ecclesiastical meaning of "patena" has been retained in various languages.