Pasteurella infections are a class of bacterial infections caused by the Pasteurella genus of bacteria, predominantly Pasteurella multocida. These types of infections are usually contracted through animal bites or scratches, particularly from cats and dogs, although they can also arise from contact with other domestic animals such as rabbits, rodents, or livestock. The bacteria typically live in the mouths and respiratory tracts of these animals.
Pasteurella infections commonly affect skin and soft tissues, resulting in localized abscesses, cellulitis, or localized infection of the bite or scratch site. However, they can also spread to other tissues and the bloodstream, leading to more severe systemic infection.
Symptoms of Pasteurella infections may include pain, redness, swelling, and pus formation at the site of the bite or scratch. More severe infections can cause fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle aches. In some cases, complications such as joint infections, bone infections (osteomyelitis), or respiratory tract infections may occur.
Treatment for Pasteurella infections usually involves the administration of antibiotic medications, such as penicillin or cephalosporins. However, the choice of antibiotic may depend on the severity of the infection, the patient's medical history, and possible drug allergies.
Prevention of Pasteurella infections primarily revolves around avoiding bites or scratches from animals, particularly high-risk species. Prompt and thorough wound care, including cleaning and disinfection, is crucial after any animal injury to minimize the risk of infection.
