Pronunciation: [pˈaɹəpləd͡ʒi] (IPA) 
The word "paraplegy" is spelled with the prefix "para-", which means "beside" or "near," and the root "pleg," which means "stroke" or "paralysis." The spelling of "pleg" is derived from the Greek word "plegos," which means "a blow." The final "-y" is a common suffix for medical terms, indicating a condition or state of being. The IPA transcription of "paraplegy" is /ˌpærəˈplɛdʒi/, with the stress on the second syllable.
Paraplegy refers to a medical condition characterized by the paralysis or loss of function in the lower extremities, usually as a result of spinal cord damage or injury. It is a form of paralysis that affects both legs and sometimes the pelvis and part of the trunk. Individuals with paraplegy generally experience a substantial loss of motor control and sensation below the level of injury.
The most common causes of paraplegy are traumatic spinal cord injuries, often resulting from accidents such as car crashes, falls, or sports-related mishaps. Additionally, diseases such as multiple sclerosis, spinal tumors, or congenital conditions can also lead to paraplegy.
The symptoms of paraplegy may vary depending on the extent of the spinal cord damage, but typically include the inability to walk or move the legs, loss of bowel and bladder control, sexual dysfunction, muscle spasms, and impaired sensation in the lower limbs.
Treatment for paraplegy aims to improve the individual's quality of life and increase independence. Rehabilitation often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, assistive devices, and psychological support. In some cases, surgery may be considered to alleviate complications or repair damaged spinal cord structures.
Living with paraplegy requires significant adjustments and lifestyle modifications, as individuals may need assistive devices like wheelchairs or crutches to move around. Nonetheless, with proper management and support, individuals with paraplegy can lead fulfilling and productive lives.
Paralysis affecting the upper or lower half of the body.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "paraplegy" comes from the combination of two ancient Greek roots: "para" meaning "alongside" or "beside", and "plegia" meaning "stroke" or "paralysis". The term was first used in the 19th century to specifically refer to paralysis of the lower part of the body, typically caused by a spinal cord injury.
