Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica is a rare medical condition characterized by the abnormal breakdown and replacement of bone tissue with abnormal fibrous tissue, resulting in the formation of multiple cysts or cavities within the affected bones. It is primarily associated with an excessive release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) caused by overactivity of the parathyroid glands, which are small endocrine glands located in the neck.
The increased levels of PTH in the body lead to increased bone resorption, a process where old bone tissue is broken down and removed, resulting in weakened bones. This condition is typically seen in individuals with hyperparathyroidism, a condition marked by the overproduction of PTH.
Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica commonly affects the long bones, ribs, skull, and pelvis. The affected bone becomes weakened and more prone to fractures, often resulting in bone pain and deformities. In severe cases, the bone may become so weakened that it collapses or develops a characteristic "brown tumor," a benign growth that appears as a mass or swelling.
Diagnosis of Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica involves physical examination, imaging tests such as X-rays and bone scans, and laboratory tests to assess levels of calcium, phosphorus, and PTH in the blood.
Treatment for Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica involves managing the underlying hyperparathyroidism through medication or surgical removal of the affected parathyroid gland(s). Additionally, measures are taken to strengthen the bones and prevent fractures, including calcium and vitamin D supplementation, regular exercise, and lifestyle modifications.
Overall, Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica is a rare bone disorder associated with excessive PTH secretion, leading to the replacement of bone tissue with fibrous tissue and the formation
