Ormond disease, also known as retroperitoneal fibrosis or Ormond's syndrome, is a rare medical condition characterized by the abnormal growth of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneum, the area behind the abdominal cavity. This fibrous tissue can cause the compression and narrowing of nearby structures, including the ureters (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder), major blood vessels, and other organs.
The exact cause of Ormond disease is unknown, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response, meaning that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. It predominantly affects middle-aged or older individuals, and its symptoms can vary depending on the extent and location of the fibrosis.
Some common signs and symptoms of Ormond disease include abdominal or back pain, flank pain (pain on the side of the body between the ribs and pelvis), urinary symptoms (such as frequent urination or blood in the urine), and swelling or edema in the lower extremities. In severe cases, it can lead to kidney damage or renal failure, requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation.
Diagnosis of Ormond disease typically involves imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the retroperitoneum. Biopsy may also be performed to examine the composition of the fibrous tissue.
Treatment for Ormond disease often involves a combination of medication, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, to reduce inflammation and slow down the fibrosis, as well as surgical intervention to relieve compression on affected structures. Long-term follow-up and monitoring are necessary to assess treatment response and manage any potential complications.
