Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor refers to a non-neoplastic, noninfectious, inflammatory mass that occurs in the orbit, which is the bony cavity in the skull that houses the eye. It is also known as idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome because its exact cause is often unknown. This condition typically presents as a localized, solitary, painless, and slowly growing mass in the orbital region.
The term "inflammatory pseudotumor" is used to describe the tumor-like appearance of the mass, as it bears some resemblance to a true neoplasm. However, unlike a neoplasm, inflammatory pseudotumors are benign and do not invade neighboring tissues or metastasize.
The symptoms associated with orbital inflammatory pseudotumor may include proptosis (bulging of the eye), eyelid swelling, double vision, decreased visual acuity, pain, and limited eye movement. The condition can affect individuals of any age, although it is more commonly observed in young to middle-aged adults.
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and possibly a biopsy to rule out other potential causes. Treatment options depend on the severity and extent of the condition but typically involve a combination of corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and sometimes surgery in more advanced cases.
Overall, orbital inflammatory pseudotumor is a non-neoplastic, noninfectious inflammatory mass that develops in the orbit, causing various ocular symptoms. It requires proper medical evaluation and tailored treatment to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.
