OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE PRIMERS Meaning and
Definition
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers are short sequences of single-stranded DNA molecules that serve as starting points or templates for DNA replication processes, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). They are designed to specifically bind to a targeted section of DNA by complementary base pairing, enabling the amplification of a specific DNA fragment or sequence.
Each oligodeoxyribonucleotide primer consists of a series of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. These nucleotides are composed of a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), or guanine (G). The order and sequence of these nucleotides in the oligodeoxyribonucleotide determine the specificity of the primer.
During PCR, oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers are designed to be complementary to the regions flanking the desired DNA sequence to be amplified. When these primers are added to a DNA sample along with DNA polymerase and nucleotides, they anneal to their complementary sequences on the target DNA, serving as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
Oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers are crucial components in various molecular biology techniques, such as DNA sequencing, gene cloning, and gene expression analysis. They allow for the selective amplification of specific DNA regions, helping researchers isolate and study particular genes or sequences of interest. The design and selection of appropriate oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers are critical for the success and accuracy of these molecular biology applications.
Common Misspellings for OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE PRIMERS
- iligodeoxyribonucleotide primers
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- pligodeoxyribonucleotide primers
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- olihodeoxyribonucleotide primers
- oliyodeoxyribonucleotide primers
Etymology of OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE PRIMERS
The etymology of the term "Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Primers" can be broken down as follows:
1. Oligo-: A prefix derived from the Greek word "oligós", meaning "few" or "little". In scientific terminology, it indicates a small or short number of units or components.
2. Deoxyribonucleotide: This word comprises two main parts:
- Deoxyribo-: A combining form derived from deoxyribose, a sugar molecule present in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
- Nucleotide: A compound consisting of a nucleoside (comprised of a nitrogenous base and a sugar molecule) bonded to a phosphate group. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA.
