Ocular mycotic infections refer to the fungal infections that affect the eyes. These infections are caused by various types of fungi and can affect different parts of the eye, including the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, and intraocular structures.
Fungal infections of the eye can occur through direct contact with fungal elements or through the dissemination of fungi from other infected areas of the body. Risk factors for ocular mycotic infections include contact with contaminated soil, plant material, or water, trauma to the eye, prolonged use of corticosteroid eye drops, immunosuppression, and systemic fungal infections.
Symptoms of ocular mycotic infections can vary depending on the specific fungus involved and the part of the eye affected. However, common symptoms include redness, pain, itching, discharge, blurred vision, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and a gritty sensation in the eye.
Diagnosis of ocular mycotic infections typically involves a thorough examination of the eye, including visual acuity testing, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and culturing of the ocular specimens. Treatment often involves the use of antifungal medications, either topical (eye drops or ointments) or systemic (oral or intravenous), depending on the severity and location of the infection.
Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications, such as corneal scarring, vision loss, or spread of the infection to nearby tissues. Long-term follow-up may be necessary to ensure complete resolution of the infection and to monitor for any potential recurrence or complications.
