Ocular mycoses, also known as fungal eye infections, are a group of diseases characterized by the invasion and proliferation of fungi in the eye. It refers to the localized or systemic fungal infections that affect the various structures of the eye, including the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, and intraocular tissues.
Fungi are microscopic organisms that can invade the eye through various routes such as trauma, contact lens use, contaminated eye drops, surgery, or as a result of a systemic fungal infection spreading to the eye. Once inside the eye, the fungi can cause inflammation, tissue destruction, and visual impairment.
Symptoms of ocular mycoses may include redness, pain, blurred vision, light sensitivity, discharge, and decreased visual acuity. The specific clinical manifestations depend on the involved ocular structures and the type of fungi causing the infection.
Diagnosis of ocular mycoses typically involves a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity assessment, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, corneal culture, and microscopic evaluation of ocular samples. Treatment options vary depending on the severity and location of the infection but commonly include antifungal medications, either topically or systemically. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be required to remove infected tissues or to repair damage.
Ocular mycoses pose a significant threat to vision and can lead to permanent visual impairment or blindness if left untreated. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent potential complications and preserve visual function.
