NITROSUBSTITUTION Meaning and
Definition
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Nitrosubstitution refers to a chemical reaction in organic chemistry where a nitro group (-NO2) replaces another atom or group of atoms in a molecule. It belongs to a class of substitution reactions, which typically involve the displacement of one functional group by another.
In nitrosubstitution reactions, the electrophilic nitro group acts as a nucleophile and replaces a nucleophilic atom or group in a molecule. This displacement occurs through the formation of a covalent bond between the nitro group and the atom it substitutes. Nitrosubstitution reactions can be either aromatic or aliphatic, depending on whether the reaction takes place on an aromatic or aliphatic compound.
These reactions are typically facilitated by strong acids or bases, which help in the activation of the substrate by protonation or deprotonation. Nitrosubstitution reactions are commonly employed in the synthesis of various organic compounds, such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pesticides.
Nitrosubstitution reactions possess broad synthetic utility due to the versatility of the nitro group, which can undergo subsequent chemical transformations. For instance, the nitro group can be reduced to an amino group (-NH2), providing access to a wide range of nitrogen-containing compounds. Additionally, the nitro group can undergo further substitution reactions, leading to the introduction of diverse functional groups in the target molecules.
Overall, nitrosubstitution is a fundamental concept in organic chemistry that underlies the synthesis and modification of numerous compounds through the replacement of atoms or groups with nitro groups.
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The displacement of a radical or atom in a chemical compound by the radical nitryl.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for NITROSUBSTITUTION
- nitrosubstitutioo
- knitrosubstitution
- n itrosubstitution
- ni trosubstitution
- nit rosubstitution
- nitr osubstitution
- nitro substitution
- nitros ubstitution
- nitrosu bstitution
- nitrosub stitution
- nitrosubs titution
- nitrosubst itution
- nitrosubsti tution
- nitrosubstit ution
- nitrosubstitu tion
- nitrosubstitut ion
- nitrosubstituti on
- nitrosubstitutio n
Etymology of NITROSUBSTITUTION
The term "nitrosubstitution" is derived from the combination of two words: "nitro" and "substitution".
1. Nitro: The word "nitro" comes from the Greek word "nitron", meaning "saltpetre". In Latin, it transformed into "nitrum" which referred to native sodium nitrate. It eventually became known as "nitrum fixum" in Medieval Latin, and later the term "nitro" became associated with the chemical compound that contains the NO2 (nitro group) functional group.
2. Substitution: The term "substitution" originates from the Latin word "substitutio", derived from the verb "substituere", which means "to put in place of". In chemistry, substitution refers to the replacement of an atom or a group of atoms in a molecule by another atom or group of atoms.
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