A new religious movement (NRM) refers to a contemporary religious phenomenon that emerges as a distinct and independent belief system, usually separate from the established mainstream religions, and commonly characterized by its novelty, departure from traditional religious practices, and charismatic and often unconventional leadership. NRMs are diverse and can take various forms, ranging from cult-like groups to larger and more established organizations.
One defining characteristic of NRMs is their relatively recent emergence, typically within the last century or even decades. They often arise as a response to social, cultural, or political changes and may result from blending elements of existing religious traditions with new ideologies or practices. NRMs frequently attract individuals seeking alternative spiritual paths or seeking to challenge established religious institutions.
Another notable feature is their deviation from traditional religious practices and beliefs, which can be perceived as unconventional or even controversial. This departure from the norm often involves novel rituals, teachings, or interpretations of scripture that appeal to the religious sensibilities of their followers.
Charismatic leadership also plays a significant role in NRMs. Their leaders tend to possess persuasive or magnetic qualities and inspire intense devotion, loyalty, and conformity among their followers. The leadership structure may be hierarchical, with the leader often assuming the role of prophet or revolutionary figure.
It is crucial to recognize that not all new religious movements display the same attributes or goals, and they can vary greatly in size, influence, and beliefs. Some NRMs have grown and evolved into established religions in their own right, while others may remain small and marginal. The term "new religious movement" is used as a descriptive categorization to assist in understanding the emergence and nature of these dynamic and evolving religious groups.
