NEUTRALIZATION TEST Meaning and
Definition
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A neutralization test is a laboratory technique used to determine the ability of an antibody or antiserum to neutralize the effects of a specific antigen. It is commonly employed in the fields of immunology and virology to evaluate the efficacy of antibodies in preventing viral infection.
The test involves combining the target antigen, typically a virus, with the antibody or antiserum under investigation. The mixture is then incubated for a certain period to allow the antibody to bind to the antigen. After this incubation period, the neutralizing activity of the antibody is assessed by studying whether it can inhibit the antigen's activity or prevent it from causing damage or infection.
The effectiveness of the neutralization process is determined through various assays, such as plaque reduction, cytopathic effect inhibition, or microneutralization assays. These techniques allow researchers to quantitatively measure the reduction or prevention of the antigen's pathological effects in the presence of the antibody.
Neutralization tests are crucial in vaccine development and assessing the potency of therapeutic antibodies. They help in understanding the immune response to specific antigens, determining the level of protection provided by antibodies against pathogens, and evaluating the efficacy of treatments aimed at neutralizing the effects of certain agents.
Overall, the neutralization test provides valuable insights into the ability of antibodies to counteract the harmful effects of antigens, playing a significant role in both research and clinical applications.
Common Misspellings for NEUTRALIZATION TEST
- beutralization test
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- neufralization test
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Etymology of NEUTRALIZATION TEST
The term "neutralization test" is derived from the noun "neutralization" and the verb "test".
The noun "neutralization" comes from the Latin word "neutralis", which means "neuter" or "neutral". It originated from the combination of the Latin prefix "ne-" (meaning "not" or "no") and the Latin word "uter" (meaning "either" or "each of two"). In chemistry, "neutralization" refers to the reaction between an acid and a base to produce a salt and water, resulting in a neutral solution.
The verb "test" has an Old French origin, derived from the Latin word "testum", which means "pot" or "earthen vessel". It initially referred to the practice of assessing the quality or strength of something by using a vessel or container as a reference point.
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