Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG) is a dental condition characterized by the inflammation and destruction of gum tissues in the oral cavity. Also known as trench mouth or Vincent's stomatitis, NUG primarily affects the gums and is typically associated with poor oral hygiene practices and compromised immune systems.
The condition is primarily caused by an overgrowth of certain bacteria, particularly Fusobacterium, Treponema, and Prevotella species. These bacteria thrive in an unhealthy oral environment, such as that resulting from inadequate oral hygiene, smoking, stress, malnutrition, or other systemic diseases.
Symptoms of NUG may include severe gum pain, the formation of ulcerated sores on the gums, bleeding gums, bad breath, a metallic taste in the mouth, swollen lymph nodes, and a general feeling of malaise. These symptoms can significantly impact a person's ability to eat, speak, and engage in daily activities comfortably.
Diagnosis of NUG is typically based on observed clinical symptoms, such as the presence of a distinct "punched-out" appearance of the gums and a characteristic odor. A dental professional may also collect samples for microbial analysis to confirm the presence of the specific bacteria associated with the condition.
Treatment of NUG often involves a multi-faceted approach. This includes professional removal of tartar and plaque through scaling and root planing, the use of antimicrobial mouth rinses, systemic antibiotics, pain management, and instruction on proper oral hygiene practices. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a nutritious diet and stress reduction techniques, can also aid in the prevention and management of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis.
