Near Infrared Spectroscopies (NIRS) refers to a collection of analytical techniques that involve the analysis of materials using electromagnetic radiation in the near infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum. These techniques are commonly used in scientific research, as well as various industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, agriculture, and chemical manufacturing.
NIRS techniques make use of the fact that molecules absorb light at specific frequencies, resulting in characteristic absorption spectra. By passing near infrared light through a sample and analyzing the resulting absorption, these techniques can provide information about the chemical composition, molecular structure, and physical properties of the sample.
Near infrared spectroscopies encompass several specific techniques such as Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS), Near Infrared Transmission Spectroscopy (NIT), and Near Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy (NIIS). NIRS is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique, as it requires minimal sample preparation and can be performed on solid, liquid, and gas samples.
The applications of near infrared spectroscopies are vast and versatile. They include qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances, identification and characterization of compounds, process monitoring, quality control, and detection of contaminants. NIRS is particularly valuable in industries where rapid and on-site analysis is required, as it allows for real-time measurements without the need for extensive laboratory equipment.
In conclusion, near infrared spectroscopies involve the analysis of materials using electromagnetic radiation in the near infrared range. Through the analysis of absorption spectra, these techniques provide valuable information about the chemical composition and physical properties of a sample. They have numerous applications in various industries and are especially useful for rapid and non-invasive analysis.
