NDV is an abbreviation that stands for "Newcastle Disease Virus." It refers to a highly contagious avian virus that primarily affects birds, particularly poultry, causing Newcastle disease (ND). NDV belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and is classified as avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1).
Newcastle Disease Virus is notorious for its devastating impact on the poultry industry worldwide due to its ability to spread rapidly and cause significant morbidity and mortality in infected birds. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with infected birds, their droppings, respiratory secretions, or contaminated equipment and materials. It primarily affects chickens, turkeys, and other domestic and wild avian species but can also infect mammals, including humans, although this is rare.
The symptoms of NDV infection vary depending on the affected species and the severity of the disease. Infected birds may exhibit respiratory distress, nervous signs, diarrhea, decreased egg production, and high mortality rates. NDV can be classified into different strains ranging from mild to highly virulent, with the latter causing severe illness and high mortality rates.
Prevention and control measures for NDV mainly involve strict biosecurity protocols, including quarantine, vaccination, and good hygiene practices. Vaccines against NDV have been developed and are widely used to protect susceptible birds from the virus.
In conclusion, NDV is a highly contagious avian virus that causes Newcastle disease, which is a significant threat to the poultry industry. Effective biosecurity measures and vaccination protocols are vital for preventing and controlling the spread of this virus among poultry populations.
