Pronunciation: [nˈɑːd] (IPA) 
The word "nard" (/nɑːd/) is a noun that refers to an aromatic plant used in medicine and perfume-making. The spelling of "nard" can be confusing, as it follows the pattern of English spelling where the letter "a" is often pronounced differently in different words. In this case, the "a" in "nard" is pronounced with a long "a" sound, as in "car." The word's origin in Greek is "nardos," which is also pronounced with a long "a" sound.
Nard is a noun with multiple definitions depending on the context. In general, nard refers to a fragrant and aromatic substance derived from the root of certain plants. It is commonly used in perfumes, incense, and traditional medicines.
In particular, nard can specifically refer to the plant known as spikenard (Nardostachys jatamansi) or to the essential oil extracted from its root. Spikenard is a perennial flowering plant found mainly in the Himalayas, growing at altitudes between 3,000 and 5,000 meters. The root of this plant has a strong, earthy, and musky scent, which is often described as sweet and slightly spicy.
The term nard can also be found in ancient texts and religious scriptures, such as the Bible, where it is mentioned as a luxurious and precious ointment or perfume. It holds a significant cultural and historical value, as it was traditionally used in the Middle East and Asia for various purposes, including anointing the dead and as a symbol of honor and respect.
In conclusion, nard is a fragrant substance derived from the root of specific plants, primarily spikenard. It is renowned for its aromatic properties and has been used in perfumes, incense, and traditional medicine for centuries. Its historical and cultural significance further adds to its prominence.
Spikenard, the rhizome of Aralia racemosa and A. nudicaulis; aromatic.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The shrub called the spikenard, famed for its aromatic scent and medicinal qualities; an ointment prepared from the plant.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word nard can be traced back to the Greek word nardos, which was derived from the Sanskrit word naladam or nardam. It is believed that this Sanskrit term originally referred to an Indian aromatic plant, possibly a type of valerian. The Greeks borrowed this word as nardos to refer to a fragrant oil derived from the plant's roots. Later, the Romans adopted the Greek term, and it eventually evolved into the Latin word nardus. From Latin, it entered various European languages, including English, where it became the word nard.
