The word "musculus scalenus anterior" might seem daunting at first glance, but understanding its IPA phonetic transcription can make it easier to spell. This term refers to a muscle in the neck, and is pronounced /ˈmʌskjʊləs skəˈliːnəs ænˈtɪəriə/. The key to spelling this word correctly is to break it down into its phonetic components and work from there. The IPA transcription makes it clear that there are three syllables, each with its own unique sound. With practice, anyone can learn to master the spelling of this complex medical term.
The musculus scalenus anterior, also known as the anterior scalene muscle, is a skeletal muscle located in the neck region. It is one of three scalene muscles, with the other two being the middle scalene and the posterior scalene.
The musculus scalenus anterior originates from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third to sixth cervical vertebrae. It then descends inferiorly and laterally to insert onto the scalene tubercle of the first rib.
The function of the musculus scalenus anterior is to elevate the first rib during inhalation, thereby assisting in the enlargement of the thoracic cavity for optimal lung expansion. It also assists in the flexion and lateral flexion of the neck.
In terms of its innervation, the musculus scalenus anterior is primarily supplied by the ventral rami of the cervical spinal nerves C4 to C6.
Although the musculus scalenus anterior plays a crucial role in providing stability and mobility to the neck, it can become tight or shortened due to poor posture, overuse, or stress. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, such as neck pain, shoulder pain, and tingling or numbness in the upper extremities. Stretching exercises, physical therapy, and other treatment modalities can help alleviate these symptoms and restore proper function to the musculus scalenus anterior.
M. scalenus anticus; origin, anterior tubercles of transverse processes of 3d to 6th cervical vertebrae; insertion, scalene tubercle of 1st rib; action, raises 1st rib; nerves supply, cervical plexus.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.