Mouth neoplasms, also referred to as oral neoplasms or oral tumors, are abnormal growths or masses that develop in the tissues of the mouth. They can occur in various regions of the oral cavity, including the lips, tongue, gums, cheeks, floor of the mouth, and roof of the mouth.
These neoplasms are typically classified as either benign or malignant. Benign mouth neoplasms are non-cancerous growths that do not invade nearby tissues and tend to pose a lower risk. Examples of benign oral tumors include papillomas, fibromas, and mucoceles. Malignant mouth neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancerous growths that have the potential to invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Common types of malignant oral tumors include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and melanoma.
The exact causes of mouth neoplasms are often multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Risk factors for developing oral tumors may include tobacco and alcohol use, poor oral hygiene, chronic irritation from ill-fitting dentures or dental appliances, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, sun exposure, and certain genetic conditions.
Diagnosis of mouth neoplasms involves a thorough examination of the oral cavity, potentially including a biopsy of the abnormal tissue. Treatment options depend on the type, size, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment may involve surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies.
Regular dental check-ups, self-examinations, and a healthy lifestyle can play a crucial role in early detection, prevention, and successful management of mouth
