MONOGENIC DISEASE Meaning and
Definition
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A monogenic disease, also known as a Mendelian disorder, is a type of genetic disorder caused by a single gene mutation. It is characterized by a specific inheritance pattern, in which the disease is controlled by a single gene locus. This means that the presence or absence of a specific gene mutation determines whether an individual will develop the disease, and it follows predictable patterns of inheritance within families.
Monogenic diseases can manifest in various ways and affect different body systems. They can be inherited in either an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked manner. In autosomal dominant inheritance, a single mutated copy of the gene from one parent is sufficient to cause the disease, while in autosomal recessive inheritance, two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, are required for the disease to manifest. X-linked inheritance occurs when the mutated gene is located on the X chromosome, and the disease is more commonly observed in males.
Examples of monogenic diseases include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Huntington's disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and hemophilia, among many others. Given their genetic basis, individuals with a family history of a monogenic disease may undergo genetic testing to identify the presence of specific gene mutations and determine their risk of developing the condition. Understanding the genetic basis of monogenic diseases is crucial for accurate diagnosis, predicting disease progression, and developing effective treatment strategies, such as gene therapies and targeted therapies.
Common Misspellings for MONOGENIC DISEASE
- nonogenic disease
- konogenic disease
- jonogenic disease
- minogenic disease
- mknogenic disease
- mlnogenic disease
- mpnogenic disease
- m0nogenic disease
- m9nogenic disease
- mobogenic disease
- momogenic disease
- mojogenic disease
- mohogenic disease
- monigenic disease
- monkgenic disease
- monlgenic disease
- monpgenic disease
- mon0genic disease
- mon9genic disease
Etymology of MONOGENIC DISEASE
The word "monogenic disease" is derived from two main components: "mono-" and "genic".
The prefix "mono-" comes from the Greek word "monos", meaning "one" or "single". In English, it is used to indicate singularity or unity.
The root word "genic" is derived from the Greek word "genos", meaning "birth", "race", or "kind". In this context, "genic" refers to something that is produced or caused by a particular gene or genes.
Therefore, when used together, "monogenic" refers to a disease or condition that is caused by a single gene mutation or defect.
Similar spelling word for MONOGENIC DISEASE
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